Apparatus and method for exploring subterranean geology

The invention relates to the technical field of exploration, and discloses a device for underground geological exploration, which comprises a drilling pipe, a sampling pipe and a sensing device. A limiting protrusion is arranged on the inner side wall of one end of the drilling pipe, a drill bit is further arranged at the end, and a locking groove is formed in the position, away from the limiting protrusion by a set distance, of the inner side wall of the drilling pipe. The sampling pipe can be assembled in the drilling pipe and can slide along the interior of the drilling pipe, one end of the sampling pipe can abut against the limiting protrusion, and a first locking mechanism is arranged at the other end of the sampling pipe and can be locked with the locking groove in a matched mode; the sensing device can also be assembled in the drilling pipe, can slide along the interior of the drilling pipe and comprises a base and a probe, one end of the base can abut against the limiting protrusion, the other end of