Rock burst predicting and forecasting method and device based on acoustic emission time-varying multi-fractal spectrum

The invention discloses a rock burst prediction method and device based on an acoustic emission time-varying multi-fractal spectrum, and belongs to the technical field of rock burst prediction. The method comprises the following steps: intercepting time sequence acoustic emission absolute energy data by utilizing a sliding event window according to an acoustic emission time sequence to obtain multiple pieces of intercepted data of acoustic emission absolute energy; calculating a multi-fractal spectrum function corresponding to each piece of acoustic emission absolute energy interception data to obtain a multi-fractal spectrum and a singular index, and calculating the spectrum width of each multi-fractal spectrum; comparing the spectral widths of all the multi-fractal spectrums to obtain a starting point with the continuously increased spectral width, and taking the starting point as a rockburst prediction feature point; and taking the ratio of the maximum loading principal stress value of the rockburst experi