Single-stage water surface small target detection method and device

The invention relates to a water surface small target detection method and device, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the image collection, and carrying out the data enhancement of a collected image, so as to expand the data; performing feature extraction on the collected image, and generating a corresponding feature map; introducing a feature pyramid structure and a sparse attention mechanism, and performing information fusion on feature maps of different scales; carrying out weighting processing on the feature vector after information fusion; and a Focal Loss function is adopted to balance the positive and negative sample numbers of the feature vector after information fusion. According to the method, a new data enhancement mode and a new feature information fusion mode are introduced, and a feature pyramid structure and a sparse attention mechanism are combined, so that the detection performance of the small target on the water surface is enhanced, and the conditions of missing detection and