One-pot preparation method of 4-chromanone, congeneric substances and derivatives thereof

The invention relates to a one-pot preparation method of 4-chromanone, a congeneric compound and a derivative thereof, which comprises the following steps: by taking 2-hydroxyacetophenone or a congeneric compound (represented by a general formula HAP-x) containing a substituent group on a benzene ring thereof as a raw material, taking dihalomethane as an alkylating reagent, taking carboxylate as an additive, and carrying out one-pot reaction to prepare the 4-chromanone, the congeneric compound and the derivative thereof. The method comprises the following steps: taking at least one of carbonate and bicarbonate as an inorganic salt reagent, taking at least one solvent containing less than 10% of water or not containing water as a reaction medium, stirring together according to a certain mole ratio and a certain concentration ratio, and reacting at a certain temperature and within a certain time to generate corresponding 4-chromanone under various conditions. 4-chromanone congeners and various 4-chromanone deri