On-orbit optimization method for spacecraft grazing observation

The invention relates to an on-orbit optimization method for spacecraft grazing observation, in particular to an on-orbit optimization method for spacecraft grazing observation. The objective of the invention is to solve the problems that a grazing flight observation model with multiple angle constraints is relatively complex, constraints are difficult to meet at the same time, and observation point selection is uncertain at the same time. The method comprises the following steps: 1, constraining the angle of an imaging part; 2, sunlight constraint; 3, attitude angular velocity constraint; 4, performing observation distance constraint; 5, carrying out safety distance constraint; 6, selecting optimization variables and optimization indexes, taking the imaging part angle constraint of 1, the sunlight constraint of 2, the attitude angular velocity constraint of 3, the observation distance constraint of 4 and the safety distance constraint of 5 as nonlinear constraints in the optimization process, and solving the