一种高性能锂基膨润土的制备方法

本发明涉及膨润土深加工领域，具体关于一种高性能锂基膨润土的制备方法；本发明先加酸使膨润土浆液pH为酸性，再用铵盐对膨润土进行预处理，将膨润土层间可交换性阳离子如Ca2+、Mg2+、Fe2+等离子全部置换进入膨润土浆液中，并使膨润土原料转型为铵基土；水洗去除这些杂质离子后，再加入锂盐锂化，锂离子置换铵离子进入膨润土层间，NH4+在碱性条件下转化成氨气挥发，得到的锂基膨润土层间基本只含锂离子，成分与天然锂基膨润土类似；经偶联剂表面接枝改性，增加了膨润土表面的疏水亲有机性能，可以进一步提高锂基膨润土在醇水混合物中的分散性和悬浮性。 The invention relates to the field of deep processing of bentonite, in particular to a preparation method of high-performance lithium-based bentonite. The method comprises the following steps: firstly adding acid to enable the pH value of bentonite slurry to be acidic, then pretreating bentonite by using ammonium salt, completely replacing exchangeable cations such as Ca < 2 + >, Mg < 2 + > and Fe < 2 + > ions among bentonite layers into the bentonite slurry, and transforming a bentonite raw material into ammonium-based soil; after impurity ions are removed by washing, lithium salt is added for lithiation, lithium ions replace ammonium ions to enter bentonite interlayers, NH4 < + > is converted into ammonia gas under the alkaline condition to be vo