Green and environment-friendly one-pot catalytic synthesis method of phenyl phosphine

The invention relates to a green and environment-friendly method for catalytically synthesizing phenyl phosphine by a one-pot method. Yellow phosphorus and chlorobenzene are used as initial raw materials, phosphorus trichloride is used as a catalyst, and a catalytic reaction is carried out to obtain phenyl phosphorus dichloride, diphenyl phosphorus chloride and triphenyl phosphorus products. The method does not need to use a solvent, phenyl phosphorus dichloride or other cosolvents, so that environmental pollution caused by generation of hazardous wastes is avoided; phosphorus trichloride is used as a catalyst, new elements are not additionally introduced into a reaction system, and a product is easy to separate and purify; the efficient phosphorus trichloride catalytic reaction system is obtained by using a catalytic amount of phosphorus trichloride, equivalent or excessive phosphorus trichloride does not need to be used as a reaction raw material, overhigh pressure can be avoided, and the method is convenie