Device with two-stage self-regulation and capable of preventing spontaneous combustion of coal pile and operation method

Two-stage self-adjustment is adopted to prevent spontaneous combustion of a coal pile, heat dissipation is conducted on the coal pile through heat pipes in most technologies, however, the connecting pipe position of a common heat pipe is fixed, the flexibility is low, manpower is consumed, and temperature monitoring cannot be conducted on the coal pile. The device comprises an annular sleeve (31), the annular sleeve is arranged at the position of a coal pile oxidation layer, the annular sleeve comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe, and a plurality of cooling liquid injection openings communicated with the outer pipe are formed in the circumferential position of the outer pipe; a plurality of gas jet orifices communicated with the inner pipe are formed in the circumferential position of the outer pipe, and temperature control switches are installed at the positions of the cooling liquid jet orifices and the gas jet orifices on the outer pipe respectively. The method is used for preventing the coal pile fro