Automatic monitoring device for variable head permeability test and test method

The invention relates to the technical field of soil permeability tests, in particular to a variable head permeability test automatic monitoring device which comprises a permeameter and a variable head pipe connected with a water inlet of the permeameter, a water inlet pipe valve is mounted at the water inlet of the permeameter, and scale marks are arranged on the variable head pipe. The device further comprises a double-shaft linear guide rail parallel to the variable water head pipe, a ball screw is installed on the double-shaft linear guide rail in parallel, an automatic capturing camera is installed on the ball screw, the top of the ball screw is connected with a stepping motor, and the stepping motor and the automatic capturing camera are electrically connected with a control computer. The water injection device is communicated with the variable water head pipe. The automatic capturing camera, the control computer and the lead screw for driving and starting the capturing camera to move are used for accur