River basin ecological restoration structure and method adopting fly ash

The invention discloses a drainage basin ecological restoration structure and method adopting fly ash. The technical problems that in the prior art, a large amount of fly ash residues generated by a power plant are difficult to treat, the stacking pressure is large, land is occupied, and the hidden danger of environmental pollution exists are solved. The ecological restoration drainage basin comprises a bottom layer (1), an impermeable layer (2), a filter layer (3), a filling layer (4), a surface layer (5) and a crop planting layer (6) which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top along the drainage basin to be ecologically restored, the impermeable layer (2) is prepared from an alkali-activated gel material, and the thickness of the alkali-activated gel material layer is 30-50 cm. The method is simple in process, can effectively solve the problems of stockpiling treatment of a large amount of solid waste of the coal-fired power plant and small-watershed comprehensive treatment and ecological restoration