Vortex electromagnetic wave antenna based on Fabry-Perot resonant cavity

The invention belongs to the field of vortex electromagnetic wave antennas, and particularly provides a vortex electromagnetic wave antenna based on a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity, which is used for solving the problems of low vortex electromagnetic wave gain, short transmission distance, large spread angle, complex external feed network and the like in the prior art. The antenna comprises a metal reflecting surface 1, a partial reflecting surface 2, a spiral phase plate 3 and a micro-strip rectangular patch antenna 4, the spiral phase plate is divided into n dielectric blocks in a central angle equal division mode with the center as the circle center, and the thicknesses of the dielectric blocks are sequentially increased clockwise or anticlockwise; respective wavefront phase delays are provided for planar electromagnetic waves with different azimuth angles through different medium thicknesses, and the planar electromagnetic waves are converted into vortex electromagnetic waves with the mode number being + 1