Biological characteristic data distributed storage and authentication method and system

The invention provides a biological characteristic data distributed storage and authentication method and system.The biological characteristic data distributed storage method is suitable for a system composed of a distribution device and a plurality of storage devices and comprises the steps that the distribution device obtains biological characteristic data and determines the purpose of the biological characteristic data; the distribution device obtains device state information of the plurality of storage devices; the distribution device divides the biological characteristic data into M biological characteristic data fragments according to the purpose of the biological characteristic data and the device state information of the plurality of storage devices, and determines that the minimum fragment number used for recovering the biological characteristic data is P; the distribution device sends the M biological characteristic data fragments and the minimum fragment number P used for recovering the biological