Activation method of rhodium cluster compound and application of rhodium cluster compound in regeneration of catalyst

The invention belongs to the technical field of catalyst regeneration, particularly relates to an activation method of a rhodium cluster compound, and further discloses a regeneration method of an inactivated rhodium phosphine catalyst. According to the activation method of the rhodium cluster compound, cycloalkane containing 6-9 carbon atoms or paraffin containing 5-20 carbon atoms is used as an extraction agent, separation of the rhodium cluster compound to be activated is achieved through polar solvent extraction, and regeneration of a rhodium phosphine catalyst is achieved through oxidation activation reaction in the presence of a citric acid catalyst. The rhodium-phosphine catalyst deactivation phenomenon mainly caused by formation of the rhodium cluster compound is obviously improved, the difficult problems of concentration of the rhodium-phosphine catalyst and the rhodium cluster compound and separation of an inhibitor high-boiling-point aldol condensation compound are effectively solved, the purity of