Station territory partial discharge positioning method and system for realizing path inversion by using channel model

The invention discloses a station area partial discharge positioning method and system for realizing path inversion by using a channel model. The method comprises the following steps: receiving a station area partial discharge signal by using a multi-antenna array; determining the arrival time of each antenna by using a cumulative energy function method; filtering and selecting an energy maximum frequency band component of the received signal; building a transformer substation space channel model which comprises equipment and a building, and blocking and reflecting influences of the equipment and the building on electromagnetic wave propagation; reversely transmitting electromagnetic waves with selected frequencies to the space by taking each antenna as an original point and taking the opposite number of the arrival time as a starting time by utilizing the reversibility of an optical path; the electromagnetic wave spreading state is simulated in the space channel model, and when electromagnetic waves emitted