Uniform TP316H austenitic stainless steel electroslag ingot composition and structure process method

The invention belongs to the field of ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to a process method for uniformizing components and tissues of a TP316H austenitic stainless steel electroslag ingot, which comprises the following steps of: after VD (vacuum degassing), adding a rare earth alloy of which the total amount of molten steel is 100-150ppm, pouring in an argon protection system, and uniformizing the components and tissues of an electrode blank. Argon is blown to form a protective atmosphere before remelting of an argon protection electroslag furnace, burning loss of easily oxidized elements at the bottom of a steel ingot is inhibited, and in the remelting process of the novel pre-melted slag, the arcing current of a crystallizer at 8t and above 8t is all reduced to 6000 A from 8000 A, and the Al content at the bottom of the steel ingot is inhibited from being increased. Subsequent sampling is conducted at the ingot tail and the riser end of the electroslag steel ingot for chemical component detectio