High-temperature retarder for hot dry rock geothermal well cementation as well as preparation method and application of high-temperature retarder

The invention relates to a high-temperature retarder for hot dry rock geothermal well cementation as well as a preparation method and application of the high-temperature retarder, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of cement retarders. The specific preparation method comprises the following steps: taking an AMPS neutralization solution and an MA aqueous solution as a base solution, or taking the AMPS neutralization solution as a base solution independently, and then dropwise adding a mixed aqueous solution of IA and an ionic liquid and an initiator aqueous solution at the same time for polymerization reaction to obtain the AMPS-IA-MA terpolymer retarder or the AMPS-IA biopolymer retarder. In the synthesis process of the polymer retarder, the ionic liquid is introduced for modification. The heterocyclic structure in the ionic liquid effectively improves the thermal stability of the retarder at high temperature, and the cationic and anionic groups in the structure further improve the adsorption p