Nucleic acid-oriented nano-composite for target RNA degradation and preparation method thereof

The invention relates to a nano-composite for target RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) degradation guided by nucleic acid. The nano-composite comprises a recruitment group of ribonuclease RNase L and a recognition sequence of a specific mRNA (Messenger Ribonucleic Acid) target, the carrier of the nano-composite is gold nanoparticles; a recruitment group of RNase L and a recognition sequence of a specific mRNA target are randomly modified on a carrier through Au-S coordinate bonds. After an mRNA recognition sequence on the compound is complementarily paired with a specific mRNA target, the whole nanostructure is pulled to be near mRNA, then an RNase L recruitment group on the compound randomly recruits a monomer of RNase L at a proper spatial position to form a dimer to induce RNase L activation, and finally, degradation of the target mRNA is realized. The two active groups are randomly fixed on the gold nano-carrier and do not interfere with each other, and recognition sequences of mRNA can be quickly replaced according