Assembly type model groove device for indoor shield tunneling test and test method thereof

The invention discloses an assembly type model groove device for an indoor shield tunneling test and a mounting method thereof. The assembly type model groove device comprises a bottom plate formed by integrally pouring reinforced concrete and lateral soil retaining columns fixedly arranged above the bottom plate; assembly plate units each comprise a plurality of strip-shaped first assembly plates which are detachably connected and variable in stacking sequence and a second assembly plate used for launching a model shield, and the first assembly plates and the second assembly plate are both connected with the lateral soil retaining columns in an embedded and fastened mode, so that a model groove is defined by the assembly plate units, the bottom plate and the lateral soil retaining columns; and each soil retaining plate is detachably connected with the second assembly plates and matched with a hole formed in the second assembly plate, and each soil retaining plate is used for a shield tunneling test from the