Supported catalyst and preparation method thereof

The invention provides a supported catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The catalyst comprises a carrier, an active component, a silicon-based additive and a copper alloy, wherein the active component comprises at least one of cuprous chloride, cuprous sulfate and cuprous oxide; and alloy elements in the copper alloy comprise at least one of cerium, yttrium, lanthanum, titanium, boron and zirconium. The catalyst provided by the invention is controllable in particle size, high in porosity and large in specific surface area; the silicon-based additive in the catalyst is in direct contact with the active component, so that the mutual diffusion time of the silicon element and the active component can be greatly prolonged, and the yield of an active silicon-copper phase is improved; the copper alloy is added into the catalyst, so that formation of a fine-grain silicon-copper phase, inhibition of growth of crystal grains and increase of defect centers of crystal boundaries of the silicon-copper phase are faci