Automatic identification and classification method and device for power transmission line icing microtopography

The invention discloses an automatic identification and classification method and device for power transmission line icing microtopography. The method comprises the following steps: according to obtained longitude and latitude of a to-be-identified power transmission line corridor, extracting elevation data corresponding to the longitude and latitude of the to-be-identified power transmission line corridor; extracting topographic factors from the elevation data; performing principal component analysis on the topographic factors to obtain an optimal discriminant factor combination through screening; performing classification by taking the optimal discriminant factor combination as a topographic factor index to obtain a basic mountain part classification result; according to a microtopography discrimination formula, carrying out reclassification on the basic mountain part classification result to obtain a microtopography classification result. For long-distance power transmission lines, especially ultra-high-vo