Bedrock incident-downlink wave value separation method based on array observation

The invention provides a bedrock incident-downlink wave numerical separation method based on array observation, and the method comprises the following steps: establishing a two-dimensional stratified field finite element model according to wave velocity structure information of a field where an array is located, inputting array bedrock observation waves at a bottom grid node, submitting operation, extracting a counter-force time interval RF(t) at a bottom middle grid node, dividing the grid node width L to obtain a node counter-force time history F(t) per unit length, converting the station bedrock observation wave a (t) into an equivalent node force time history F1(t), calculating the equivalent node force time history f(t) of the bedrock incident wave, and substituting the equivalent node force time history of the bedrock incident wave into an equivalent node force calculation formula for inverse solution calculation to obtain the bedrock incident wave u(t). According to the invention, the incident wave in