Earthquake forward modeling method for guiding design of acquisition and observation system

The invention provides an earthquake forward modeling method for guiding the design of an acquisition observation system. The earthquake forward modeling method comprises the following steps: step 1, designing an initial observation system scheme; step 2, establishing a geologic model covering all observation system scheme areas; step 3, calculating scattering wave number vector groups on all grid points in the scheme target area; step 4, extracting a corresponding scattered wave number vector from the scattered wave number vector group obtained by calculation in the step 3 to obtain a scattered wave number vector group of the scheme; step 5, applying Fourier transform to obtain wavenumber domain target model data; and step 6, calculating the pre-stack depth migration profile of the target area of the scheme. According to the seismic forward modeling method for guiding the design of the acquisition and observation system, the pre-stack depth migration profile can be efficiently and quickly obtained, the step