Power grid operation optimization method and system for solving overcurrent problem of power transmission line after fault

The invention provides a power grid operation optimization method and system for solving an overcurrent problem of a power transmission line after a fault. The method comprises the steps of initializing a power grid topology model, and searching an accident expected overcurrent problem; obtaining a shortest power flow transfer path sorting table; setting a switch state in a power flow transfer path containing an overcurrent line as a variable of an optimization problem, and establishing a first objective function and a second objective function under constraint conditions, wherein the first objective function is that the impedance of the shortest power flow transfer path where the overcurrent line is located is increased relative to the impedance of other power flow transfer paths, and the second objective function is the minimum change degree of the power grid structure; and performing operation on the first objective function and the second objective function to obtain an optimal solution so as to obtain a