Method for harmlessly treating red mud

The invention relates to a method for harmlessly treating red mud, belongs to the technical field of red mud treatment, and solves the technical problem of comprehensive utilization of solid waste red mud. According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps: firstly, drying and dispersing the red mud, then crushing a reducing agent to obtain blocks with the particle size less than 1 mm, then weighing the red mud and the reducing agent according to a certain proportion, uniformly mixing the red mud and the reducing agent, and finally, performing high-temperature carbon thermal reduction treatment in an inert atmosphere to obtain a product of which the main phases are FeAl2O4, NaAlSiO4, Fe, FeC and C. According to the method, Fe in the solid waste red mud is reduced and recovered by using C in the reducing agent, and meanwhile, OH in the red mud can react and activate C in the reducing agent, so that the effect of consuming strong alkali of the red mud is achieved, and cyclic util