Catalyst with Yolk-Shell structure, preparation method and application

The invention provides a catalyst with a Yolk-Shell structure as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of nano material preparation. The catalyst with the Yolk-Shell structure comprises an inner core and a shell layer coating the inner core, the inner core is precious metal nanoparticles, and the shell layer is mesoporous organic silicon. Under the assistance of the mesoporous organic silicon, the precious metal nanoparticles have good dispersibility, are not easy to agglomerate, and have good catalytic characteristics. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a surfactant into a mixed solution of ethanol and an acetic acid aqueous solution, and stirring to obtain a first reaction solution; adding a silane coupling agent into the first reaction solution, and hydrolyzing to obtain a second reaction solution; dispersing the precious metal nanoparticles in an ethanol water solution, heating to 40-60 DEG C, and adding an alkali catalyst to obt