Downward moving formwork device of self-balancing supporting structure and construction method

The invention discloses a downward moving formwork device of a self-balancing supporting structure and a construction method. The device comprises a construction bearing platform and a pier body, the pier body is fixedly arranged on the top of the construction bearing platform, the same movable formwork mechanism is arranged on the periphery, close to the top, of the pier body, and a pier is arranged at one end of the top of the pier body. Through the self-balancing characteristic of a supporting system, transverse movement self-balancing of the formwork and vertical friction self-balancing of the formwork in the working state can be achieved, additional balance weights or supports are not needed, when the formwork moves synchronously in the transverse direction, loads of the supporting system are basically symmetrical, additional balance weight design is not needed in the transverse direction, and self-balancing can be achieved; and in the vertical direction, due to the super-tightening effect of a horizonta