Real-time positioning method and system for rail vehicle based on environment image recognition and correction

The invention relates to a real-time positioning method and system for a rail vehicle based on environment image recognition and correction. The positioning method comprises the following steps: determining initial positioning coordinates by using navigation positioning coordinates measured by a vehicle-mounted GPS, the Beidou system and an inertial navigation positioning system; collecting environmental area images in real time, measuring a distance between the vehicle and an environment marker, and recognizing the position coordinates of the environment marker in the environmental area images; calculating and correcting the initial positioning coordinates by using the measured distance and the position coordinates of the environmental marker to obtain accurate positioning coordinates of the rail vehicle, and updating the position information of the rail vehicle in real time; and transmitting positioning and image data through a 10-Gbits real-time industrial Ethernet of a user-defined protocol, thereby impro