Optical power self-adaptive adjusting method and device for terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system

The invention discloses an optical power self-adaptive adjusting device and method for a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system, and the device comprises a femtosecond laser, an emission electric control adjustable attenuator, a detection electric control adjustable attenuator, an emission optical splitter, a detection optical splitter, an electric control adjustable attenuator power supply control unit, an optical power conversion and transmission module, a master control MCU and an upper computer PC. The master control MCU collects and analyzes an optical power signal sent by the optical power conversion and transmission module, compares the optical power signal with a corresponding transmitting end optical power threshold value or a detection end optical power threshold value, and outputs a corresponding pulse duty ratio signal to the electric control adjustable attenuator power supply control unit. The electric control adjustable attenuator power supply control unit outputs voltage to the emission elec