Self-balancing test device and test method for shear resistance of single-cabin pipe gallery joint

The invention provides a self-balancing testing device for the shear resistance of a single-cabin pipe gallery joint, which is used for a field test of a cemented prestress assembled pipe gallery and is characterized by comprising a self-balancing loading system, a force transfer system and a measuring system, on one hand, the self-balancing type loading system provides thrust for the force transmission system, so that the sections at the two ends and the middle section of the pipe gallery generate relative shearing displacement in the vertical direction, and on the other hand, the self-balancing type loading system synchronously acts on bottom plates of the sections at the two ends of the pipe gallery, so that the bottom plates are not subjected to the shearing force effect; the force transfer system is used for uniformly transferring the acting force generated by the hydraulic jack to each pipe gallery section; and the measuring system is used for measuring shearing thrust, shearing displacement and pipe ga