Method for measuring curvature radius of optical lens step by step and detecting lens defect

The invention provides a method for measuring the curvature radius of an optical lens step by step and detecting lens defects, wherein the method comprises the steps: (1) solving an initial curvature radius: solving the initial curvature radius R0 according to the dark ring diameter of a collected interference pattern T (x, y); (2) curve fitting: simulating a Newton's ring T0 (x, y) with R0, performing second-order polar coordinate transformation on T (x, y) and T0 (x, y), eliminating constant terms, performing superposition to form moire fringes, and performing curve fitting on the moire fringes to obtain a new curvature radius R1 of a to-be-measured lens; (3) phase shifting and wavefront solving: performing multi-step phase shifting on the interference pattern simulated by the R1 to obtain a plurality of interference patterns, superposing the interference patterns with T (x, y), obtaining wavefront difference data from a plurality of moire fringes, and further solving the high-precision curvature radius R2