Lithium ion battery thermal runaway dynamic early warning system and method based on Raman spectrum

The invention discloses a lithium ion battery thermal runaway dynamic early warning system and method based on a Raman spectrum. The system comprises a laser, a Raman probe, a hollow-core optical fiber waveguide, a monochromator, a light splitting optical path, a photoelectric detection device and an embedded computer. The hollow-core optical fiber waveguide collects gas around the lithium ion battery; the Raman probe is provided with an input optical fiber and a receiving optical fiber; exciting light emitted by the laser is transmitted into the hollow-core optical fiber waveguide through the input optical fiber to generate Raman spectrum scattering light; raman spectrum scattered light is collected by a receiving optical fiber, sequentially passes through a monochromator and a light splitting optical path and then is transmitted to a photoelectric detection device to generate spectrum data; and the embedded computer performs data analysis on the spectral data, and gives a lithium ion battery thermal runaway