Method and device for diagnosing poor welded joint of heavy haul railway steel rail

The invention discloses a method and a device for diagnosing a poor welded joint of a heavy haul railway steel rail. The method comprises the following steps: performing CEEMD-ASSTFT on axle box acceleration waveform data of a to-be-diagnosed section of the heavy haul railway steel rail to obtain time-frequency distribution; calculating a moving effective marginal spectrum of the time-frequency distribution; according to the moving effective marginal spectrum, calculating a weld marginal index; and according to the weld joint marginal index, determining whether the to-be-diagnosed section has the problem of poor welding joint. According to the method, the problem of poor heavy haul railway steel rail welding joint can be efficiently and accurately diagnosed by combining the axle box acceleration with the time-frequency distribution, and safe and stable operation of a vehicle is ensured. 本发明公开了一种诊断重载铁路钢轨焊接接头不良的方法及装置，其中该方法包括：对重载铁路钢轨待诊断区段的轴箱加速度波形数据做CEEMD-ASSTFT得到时频分布；计算所述时频分布的移动有效边际谱；根据所述移动有效边际谱，计算焊缝边际指数；根据所述焊缝边