Preparation method and application of heterogeneous catalyst for olefin oxidation carboxylation

The invention provides a preparation method and application of a heterogeneous catalyst for olefin oxidation carboxylation, and relates to the technical field of heterogeneous catalysts for olefin oxidation carboxylation. According to the prepared catalyst, a mesoporous silica molecular sieve is used as a carrier, amino-functionalized imidazole ionic liquid is used as an active component, and the ionic liquid is quantitatively and uniformly loaded on the carrier mesoporous silica through mechanical ball milling under a solvent-free condition. The ionic liquid immobilized heterogeneous catalyst provided by the invention has the advantages of regular mesoporous structure, stable physical and chemical properties, good catalytic activity on olefin oxidation carboxylation reaction (the yield of cyclic carbonate synthesized by olefin oxidation and CO2 cascade reaction can reach 85%), recyclability and the like, and is suitable for catalyzing the reaction of CO2 and olefin to prepare cyclic carbonate by a one-step m