Potato harvester integrating seedling killing, digging, separating and collecting and harvesting method

The invention provides a potato harvester integrating seedling killing, digging, separating and collecting and a harvesting method. The potato harvester comprises a walking mechanism, a rack, a digging device used for digging soil, a seedling killing device used for killing seedlings, a separating device used for separating soil from potatoes and a collecting device used for collecting potatoes, wherein the digging device and the seedling killing device are arranged at the front part of the rack, the separating device is arranged behind the digging device, and the seedling killing device is arranged above the digging device; and an auxiliary separating mechanism used for flapping and/or throwing the potatoes with soil on the separating device is arranged on the portion, above the separating device, of the rack. The potato harvester integrates seedling killing, digging, soil and potato separation and collection, and can improve the potato harvesting efficiency and treat seedlings; The potatoes with soil are fl