Positioning system and positioning method

The invention provides a positioning system and a positioning method. The positioning system comprises: a machine base; a workpiece placing table which is rotatably arranged on the machine base and is used for bearing a workpiece to be positioned; a first driving device whcih is connected with the workpiece placing table so as to drive the workpiece placing table to drive the to-be-positioned workpiece to rotate; a positioning bulge which is telescopically arranged on the machine base and is used for being matched with a concave part on a to-be-positioned workpiece in a limiting manner; and a first detection device which is used for detecting a to-be-detected part on the to-be-positioned workpiece, wherein the to-be-detected part and the concave part are correspondingly arranged, so that when the first detection device detects the to-be-detected part and the positioning bulge and the concave part are in limiting fit, the first driving device is controlled to stop running, and the to-be-positioned workpiece is