Ship pool deformation prevention and treatment structure under action of coal mining differential settlement and construction method

The invention discloses a ship pool deformation prevention and treatment structure under the action of coal mining differential settlement and a construction method. A ship pool bottom sequentially comprises a compacted foundation, geotechnical cloth, a fine sand cushion layer and a gabion net gabion from bottom to top; a side slope body is a cohesive soil layer, and a water stopping curtain is fixedly arranged on the side, away from the ship pool bottom, of the side slope body; and a protection slope comprises a reinforced concrete layer, an interlocking building block layer and soil nails which are arranged above the side slope body. The ship pool bottom is designed to be of a semi-rigid structure, and bottom cracks caused by differential settlement can be avoided while the engineering requirements can be met. The protection slope of the ship pool side slope is of a rigid structure, the stability of the ship pool side slope under long-term operation is guaranteed through a series of measures such as a soil