Seedling tray conveying and positioning device for automatic transplanter and seedling conveying and dropping method

The invention provides a seedling tray conveying and positioning device for an automatic transplanter and a seedling conveying and dropping method. The seedling tray conveying and positioning device comprises a seedling tray conveying platform, a first sensor, a second sensor, push rods and a control system; the seedling tray conveying platform is used for conveying seedling trays to seedling taking claws; a plurality of push rods are uniformly distributed on the seedling tray conveying platform, and seedling trays are placed between the adjacent push rods; the first sensor is mounted near the seedling taking claws and is used for identifying the seedling trays; the second sensor is mounted on a rack of the seedling tray conveying platform and is used for the push rods; and the control system controls the seedling tray conveying platform according to the first sensor and the second sensor, so that the first row of the seedling trays is located at the grabbing position of the seedling taking claws. The first s