Speckle sensing system and speckle identification method based on multi-ring-core optical fiber

The invention discloses a speckle sensing system based on a multi-ring-core optical fiber and a speckle identification method. The speckle sensing system comprises a laser, a light field excitation module and the multi-ring-core optical fiber. The laser is connected with the input end of the light field excitation module, the output end of the light field excitation module is connected with the head end of the multi-ring-core optical fiber, the tail end of the multi-ring-core optical fiber is used for being connected with the CCD camera, and speckle videos of speckle transformation when the multi-ring-core optical fiber is disturbed are collected through the CCD camera. According to the invention, the characteristics of stable speckles and obvious morphological structure of the multi-ring-core optical fiber and the characteristic that the received speckles have different changes due to different deformations caused by disturbances in different directions are utilized, so that the multi-dimensional identificat