Heat preservation cabin door opening and closing device as well as cabin door opening and closing method of same

The invention discloses a heat preservation cabin door opening and closing device. The heat preservation cabin door opening and closing device comprises a test bed, an unlocking device, a cabin door opening and closing support, a door opening oil cylinder and a door closing oil cylinder; the unlocking device comprises an unlocking oil cylinder, an unlocking sliding seat, a U-shaped block and a cabin door lock key; the U-shaped block is installed on the unlocking sliding seat in a sliding mode, a piston rod of the unlocking oil cylinder is connected to the U-shaped block so as to drive the U-shaped block to slide on the unlocking sliding seat; the cabin door lock key comprises a rib plate, a key handle and a key head; the key handle extends into an opening of the U-shaped block so as to drive the key head to rotate when the U-shaped block slides to achieve opening and closing of the lock; and the door opening oil cylinder and the door closing oil cylinder are both installed on the cabin door opening and closin