Ecological drought monitoring and evaluating method

The invention discloses an ecological drought monitoring and evaluation method, which comprises the following steps: firstly, collecting multi-source data of a research area and constructing an ecological drought disaster database, then calculating hydrometeorological and hydrological drought indexes according to the multi-source data, extracting hydrological drought characteristics, then carrying out space-time law and evolution characteristic analysis on the hydrological drought characteristics, monitoring the ecological drought of the research area according to an analysis result, constructing a Biome-BGC model to calculate the net primary productivity of an ecological system, and finally obtaining the comprehensive ecological system productivity of the research area by adopting a random forest model, so as to achieve the ecological drought assessment of the research area. The comprehensive ecological system productivity value obtained by adopting the random forest model not only considers ecological facto