Compressible tunnel bottom structure for inhibiting tunnel floor heave and construction method

The invention discloses a compressible tunnel bottom structure for inhibiting tunnel floor heave and a construction method. The structure comprises a bearing plate, wherein the bearing plate is positioned between a side wall and an inverted arch of a tunnel; a porous component is filled between the bearing plate and the inverted arch; the inverted arch is provided with an energy absorption component; the energy absorption component can be telescopically deformed along the arc length direction of the inverted arch; and a ballast bed is laid above the bearing plate. According to the structure, the inverted arch has certain vertical deformation capacity, and part of stress acting on the inverted arch can be absorbed; the porous component is matched, energy can be released and pressure can be reduced under the extrusion action of surrounding rock, the load transferred by the upper bearing plate can be properly borne, the stability of a track plate and the ballast bed is guaranteed, the condition that the inverted