Oil and gas pipeline cleaner stuck ball positioning monitoring method and device based on distributed optical fiber sensing

The invention discloses an oil and gas pipeline cleaner stuck ball positioning monitoring method and device based on distributed optical fiber sensing. The method comprises the following steps: adopting a phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer to obtain a vibration signal of an optical fiber laid along with an oil and gas pipeline; filtering a low-frequency part of the vibration signalby adopting a wavelet filtering method; performing Fourier transform on the filtered vibration signal to obtain a power spectral line of the vibration signal; acquiring historical data, and setting apower spectrum threshold according to the historical data; extracting specific information characteristics when the ball is stuck by the pipe cleaner from the power spectrum line, and judging whetherthe ball stuck by the pipe cleaner exists in the signal or not based on the information characteristics and a power spectrum threshold value; and outputting pipe cleaner stuck ball alarm information and positioning according to