Modified bentonite impermeable material as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention provides a modified bentonite impermeable material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The impermeable material is prepared from the following raw materials: bentonite, an anionic monomer or anionic polymer, a cationic monomer or cationic polymer, a hydrophobic monomer and the like. According to the bentonite impermeable material disclosed by the invention, on one hand, the interlayer spacing of montmorillonite is enlarged through in-situ grafting and intercalation, a network structure of a polymer and soil particles is fixed, and the stability of polymer conformation is enhanced, so that the impermeability of bentonite is effectively improved; and on the other hand, due to the addition of the hydrophobic monomer, the anionic/cationic polymer and a molecular chain formed by polymerization of the anionic/cationic monomer are associated through a hydrophobic group, so that the anionic/cationic polymer and the anionic/cationic monomer are in a stretchedstate in the solution, an