Soil and underground building structure interaction testing device and testing method

The invention provides a soil and underground building structure interaction testing device, and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering. The device comprises: a mounting frame; a fixing assembly; a translation assembly internally provided with an accommodating box; a vertical pushing assembly used for jacking the accommodating box to the fixing assembly; and a horizontal pushing assembly used for pushing the translation assembly to move. The invention also provides a test method, which comprises a test device, and further comprises the following steps: S1, respectively placing a first test sample and a second test sample on a fixing groove and a soil containing plate; S2, enabling the first test sample to be in contact connection with the second test sample; and S3, simulating seepage pressure, and simulating temperature loading. According to the invention, the device can test the interaction between soil and a structure, especially can test the influence of the interaction between the soi