Bus address automatic detection device, system and method

The invention provides a bus address automatic detection device, system and method. A bus address automatic detection module is configured in node equipment; a single-chip microcomputer receives a pulse signal sent by a first preset address node device through a pulse input detection circuit and processes the pulse signal; the single-chip microcomputer generates a pulse signal by controlling a pulse generation circuit and sends the pulse signal to a second preset address node device; the single-chip microcomputer controls an input and output switch control circuit to operate. During bus communication, an operator does not need to configure all node addresses, after a bus is connected, a positioning wire automatically sets the address of the positioning wire through the bus address automatic detection module, and after the positions and the number of nodes are changed, the bus address automatic detection module automatically changes the address of the module itself, automatic detectionand identification of eac