Locomotive deflection test method and locomotive deflection test device

The invention provides a locomotive deflection test method and a locomotive deflection test device, and belongs to the technical field of safe operation of locomotives. The method comprises the following steps of connecting an auxiliary test locomotive to at least one side of the running direction of a to-be-tested locomotive; determining a reference point on a first vehicle body surface of two opposite vehicle body surfaces of the to-be-tested locomotive and the auxiliary test locomotive, and determining a projection point of the reference point on a second vehicle body surface of the two vehicle body surfaces as a first projection point; performing trial operation on the to-be-tested locomotive and the auxiliary test locomotive together, and determining a projection point of the reference point on the second locomotive body surface as a second projection point; and based on the deviation degree of the first projection point and the second projection point, determining the anti-deflection performance of the