Fe core-shell nano-catalyst as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention provides a Fe core-shell nanocatalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The nanocatalyst takes a Fe nanocube with a core-shell structure as an effective component; and inthe core-shell structure, a ferroferric oxide nanocube is taken as a core, and the surface of the ferroferric oxide nanocube is coated with a x-Fe C active-phase shell layer. The catalyst is good in catalytic activity and high in short-chain olefin selectivity. In the Fischer-Tropsch olefin preparation process, the conversion frequency of the supported nanocatalyst reaches up to 1.32 s and far exceeds the reported highest value of the conversion frequency of conventional Fischer-Tropsch olefin preparation catalysts; and meanwhile, the short-chain olefin selectivity of the catalyst can reach 63.0 C% in the prepared hydrocarbon. The Fe O @x-Fe C nanocube catalyst loaded on SiC is the only catalyst capable of achieving the conversion frequency of higher than 1.0 s and the short-chain olefin selectivity of hi