Alkali metal atom vapor absorption cell and spectral measurement method thereof

The invention discloses an alkali metal atom vapor absorption cell and a spectral measurement method thereof. The alkali metal atom vapor absorption cell comprises a shell body, transmission windows,a crucible, two isolation heads, an evaporation system and a vacuum and gas distribution system, wherein a cavity is formed in the shell body; the transmission windows are detachably assembled on theleft side and the right side of the shell body; the crucible is arranged in the center in the cavity; the two isolation heads are arranged between the crucible and the transmission windows; the evaporation system is used for promoting evaporation of alkali metal in the crucible; the vacuum and gas distribution system is communicated with the cavity; and transmission through holes allowing laser beams to penetrate through are formed in the isolation heads, and the transmission through holes and window pieces fixed to the transmission windows are coaxially arranged. For some alkaline metals withhigh chemical activity, th