High-plasticity dissolvable magnesium alloy as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention discloses a high-plasticity dissolvable magnesium alloy as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The high-plasticity dissolvable magnesium alloy is composed of the following components of, in percentage by mass, 1%-3% of Zn, 0.1%-0.3% of Al, 0.1%-0.3% of Cu, 0.1%-1% of rare earth metal and the balance Mg, and the rare earth metal is at least one of Gd and Y. The preparation method comprises the following steps of casting to obtain a cast ingot, heating to 380-420 DEG C, processing the cast ingot into a bar under the conditions that the extrusion speed is 2-5mm/s and the extrusion ratio is not less than 16, and heating at 150-200 DEG C for 18-24 hours to perform heat treatment, thus obtaining the high-plasticity dissolvable magnesium alloy. The elongation of the dissolvable magnesium alloy at room temperature is greater than 25%, the dissolvable magnesium alloy has good plasticity and high strength in both the radial direction and the axial direction, the dissolution rate of the d