Maintenance apparatus of robot and maintenance method of robot

A maintenance apparatus of a robot and a maintenance method of a robot are provided, which make operation space small in size, and which enables safe separation of an arm part and a base in a robot arrangement site. The maintenance apparatus includes a pair of parallel rails (20) removably installed on opposite sides in a predetermined direction to a robot (R), and a number of sliders (30), at least one of the number of sliders is attached to each of the pair of rails (20), and each of the sliders (30) is configured to support an arm part (2) or a reducer (10) of the robot, and move the supported arm part (2) or reducer (10) along the rails (20). 本发明提供一种机器人的维护装置以及机器人的维护方法，能够使作业空间小型化，并且能够安全地进行机器人的设置场所中的臂部与基座的分离。该机器人的维护装置具备：一对平行的轨道(20)，其以相对于机器人(R)能够拆装的方式设置于预定方向的两侧；以及多个滑块(30)，多个滑块(30)在一对轨道(20)上分别各安装有至少一个，各滑块(30)支撑机器人的臂部(2)或减速器(10)，且使所支撑的臂部(2)或减速器(10)沿着轨道(20)移动。